❶ 人教pep小學六年級英語下冊各單元知識要點 (請寫詳細)
Unit1 How tall are you?
必須背出的單詞。
tall—taller更高的 short—shorter更矮的
long—longer更長的 old—older年齡更大的
young—younger更年輕的 strong—stronger更強壯的
thin—thinner更瘦的 heavy—heavier更重的
big—bigger更大的 small—smaller更小的
必須背出的句子。
1. —How tall are you? —I』m 164 cm tall.
你多高? 我是164厘米高。
2. —How heavy are you? —I』m 48 kg.
你多重? 我是48千克。
3. You』re shorter than me.
你比我矮。
4. You』re 4 cm taller than me.
你比我高4厘米。
5. I』m thinner than you, and shorter.
我比你瘦,比你矮。
必須讀出的單詞、句子。
funny—funnier更滑稽的 meter米 ton噸 each各自,每個 squid魷魚 lobster龍蝦 shark鯊魚 deep深的 seal海豹 sperm whale抹香鯨 killer whale虎鯨 even甚至
1. —How long are your legs? —76 cm.
你的腿多長? 76厘米。
2. —How long is its tail? —Its tail is about 30 cm long.
它的尾巴多長? 它的尾巴大約是30厘米長。
3. —How big are your feet? —I wear size 16.
你的腳多大? 我穿16碼。
4. —How old are you? —I』m 12 years old.
你多大? 我12歲。
5. Line up from shorter to taller!
從矮到高排隊!
四、語法點擊。
1.形容詞的比較級變化規則:
①直接加er,如old—older; ②末尾是e的,只加r,如nice—nicer;
③雙寫末字母,再加er,如thin—thinner;
④末尾是y的,把y變成i,再加er,如heavy—heavier。
2.一般,當句子中出現than時,形容詞要用比較級,否則用原形。
Unit2 What』s the matter, Mike?
必須背出的單詞。
hurt疼痛 have a fever發燒 have a cold感冒;傷風 have a headache頭疼 have a toothache牙疼 sore疼的 have a sore throat喉嚨疼 tired疲勞的;累的 excited興奮的 happy高興的 sad憂愁的;悲傷的 angry生氣的;憤怒的 bored無聊的;煩人的matter事情;麻煩nose鼻子
必須背出的句子。
1. What』s the matter? 發生什麼事了?
2. My throat is sore. 我的喉嚨痛。
3. My nose hurts. 我鼻子疼。
4. How are you? 你好嗎?
5. You look so happy. 你看上去很高興。
6. You look sad today. 你今天看起來是憂愁的。
必須讀出的單詞、句子。
feel感覺 sick不舒服的;有病的 get the flu/have a flu得了流感 people人們 medicine葯 drink飲料 match比賽 between在……之間 a little有些 laugh at因……發笑 win—won贏 better(good的比較級)更好的
1. —How do you feel? —I feel sick.
你感覺怎樣? 我感覺不舒服。
2. —How does Amy feel? —She』s tired./She feels tired.
Amy感覺怎樣? 她感到累。
3. I am going on a big trip.我將要去長途旅行。
4. I failed the math test.我數學考了不及格。
5. I』m sorry to hear that.我很抱歉聽到那個消息。
四、語法點擊。
1. —How do you feel? —I feel sick.
當主語是第三人稱單詞時,助動詞do應變為does。如下:
—How does Amy feel? —She』s tired./She feels tired.
2. My leg hurts.我的腿受傷了。hurt是動詞。當主語是第三人稱單數時,用hurts;否則,就用hurt。
例如:My arm hurts. My arms hurt. I hurt my leg. He hurts his leg.
3. have a fever等有have的片語,當主語是第三人稱單數時,have應變為has。 例如:I have a cold.
She has a cold.
John has a cold.
Unit3 Last Weekend
必須背出的單詞。
watch—watched看 wash—washed洗 clean—cleaned打掃 play—played玩 visit—visited看望 do—did做 go—went去 read—read讀;閱讀
watched TV看了電視 washed the clothes洗了衣服 cleaned the room打掃了房間 played football踢了足球 visited grandparents看望了外祖父母 went to a park去了公園 went swimming去遊了泳 went fishing去釣了魚 went hiking去了遠足 read a book讀了書
二、必須背出的句子。
2. —What did you do last weekend? —I played football.
上個周末你做了什麼? 我踢了足球。
2. —Did you read books? —Yes, I did. / No, I didn』t.
你看了書嗎? 是的。/不是的。
三、必須讀出的單詞、句子。
cook—cooked做(飯)walk—walked步行 return—returned送回;歸
study—studied學習 jump—jumped跳 fly—flew飛 swim—swam游泳 is—was是
busy忙碌的 tongue twister繞口令 suddenly突然地 grateful感激地 yesterday昨天
1. —What did you do yesterday? —I went hiking.
昨天你幹了什麼? 我去遠足了。
四、語法點擊。
動詞的過去式
動詞的過去式包括規則變化和不規則變化。
規則變化的動詞過去式的構成規律:
1.加ed。例如:wash—washed。
2.以e結尾,只加d。例如:dance—danced。
3.以輔音字母加y結尾,變y為i加ed。例如:study—studied。
4.重讀閉音節結尾,雙寫輔音字母加ed。例如:stop—stopped。
不規則變化的動詞過去式,沒有規律可言。例如:take—took, see—saw, go—went。
Unit4 My Holiday
一、必須背出的單詞。
learn—learned學習 climb—climbed爬 row—rowed劃(船) dance—danced 跳舞 sing—sang唱歌 take—took照;拍 eat—ate吃 buy—bought買 see—saw看見 learned Chinese學了中文 sang and danced唱了歌,跳了舞 ate good food吃了好吃的食物 took pictures拍了照片 climbed a mountain爬了山 bought presents買了禮物 saw elephants看了大象 went skiing劃了雪
went ice-skating溜了冰
必須背出的句子。
1. —Where did you go on your holiday?假期里你去了哪兒?
—I went to Xinjiang.我去了新疆。
2. —How did you go there? 你是怎麼到那兒的?
—I went by train.我是乘火車去的。
3. —What did you do? 你幹了什麼?
—I went skiing.我滑了雪。
必須讀出的單詞、句子。
relax—relaxed放鬆 prepare—prepared准備 leave—left離開get—got到達 cousin堂(表)兄弟;堂(表)兄弟姐妹
miss想念 have, has—had I』ll = I will
1. —What did you do there? 你在那兒做了什麼?
—I sang and danced with my new friends.我和我的新朋友們唱了歌,跳了舞。
四、語法點擊。
小學階段學到的時態主要有:一般現在時、現在進行時、一般過去時和一般將來時。
1.一般現在時。意義:表示經常、習慣的動作;常用搭配:always, often等;構成:動詞原形,但當主語是第三人稱單數時,動詞加s或es。例如:I often get up at six. He often gets up at six.
2.現在進行時。意義:表示正在進行或發生的動作;常用搭配:now, at this moment等;構成:be+動詞的ing形式。例如:He is playing football.
3. 一般過去時。意義:表示過去某一時間發生的動作;常用搭配:yesterday, last week等;構成:動詞過去式。例如:He watched TV yesterday.
4. 一般將來時。意義:表示將要發生的動作或狀態;常用搭配:tomorrow, next year等;構成:be going to。例如:He is going to Beijing this weekend.
❷ 人教版六年級英語基礎知識復習資料
PEP小學英語畢業總復習
一:學生易錯詞彙
1. a, an的選擇: 母音音素開頭的單詞用,輔音音素開頭的單詞用a.
2. am , is , are的選擇: 單數用is , 復數用are, I 用 am , you 用 are.
3. have , has 的選擇: 表示某人有某物。單數用has , 復數用have, I \you 用 have .
4. there is, there are 的選擇:表示某地有某物或某人。單數用there is , 復數用there are.
5. some, any 的選擇:肯定句用some, 疑問句和否定句用any.
6. 疑問詞的選擇:what (什麼) who (誰) where (哪裡) whose (誰的) why(為什麼)when(什麼時候)which(哪一個)how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少錢)
二:形容詞比較級詳解
當我們需要對事物作出比較時,需要用到比較級。比較級的句子結構通常是:
什麼 + 動詞be (am , is , are ) + 形容詞比較級 + than(比)+ 什麼 ,如:
I』m taller and heavier than you. (我比你更高和更重。)
An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一隻大象比一隻老虎更大。)
形容詞的比較級是在形容詞的基礎上變化而來的,它的變化規則是:
① 一般的直接在詞尾加er ,如 tall - taller , strong - stronger ,
② 以e結尾的,直接加r ,如 fine – finer ,
③ 以輔音字母加y結尾的,先改y為i再加er,如funny - funnier
④ 雙寫最後的字母再加er,如big – bigger, thin – thinner ,hot – hotter
☆注意☆ 比較的兩者應該是互相對應的可比較的東西。
典型錯誤:My hair is longer than you.(我的頭發比你更長。)
比較的兩者是我的頭發、你(整個人),那麼比較的對象就沒有可比性。
應該改為:My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.
比較級專項練習:
一、從下面中選出合適的單詞完成句子
heavy tall long big
(1) How is the Yellow River?
(2) How is Mr Green? He』s 175cm.
(3) How are your feet? I wear size 18.
(4)How is the fish? It』s 2kg.
二、根據句意寫出所缺的單詞
(1) I』m 12 years old. You』re 14. I』m than you.
(2) A rabbit』s tail is than a monkey』s tail.
(3) An elephant is than a pig.
(4) A lake is than a sea.
(5) A basketball is than a football.(貴的)
三、根據中文完成句子.
(1) 我比我的弟弟大三歲. I』m than my brother.
(2) 這棵樹要比那棵樹高. This tree than that one.
(3) 你比他矮四厘米. You are than he.
(4) 誰比你重? than you?
四、根據答句寫出問句
(1) I』m 160 cm.
(2) I』m 12 years old.
(4) Amy』s hair is 30 cm long.
三:動詞過去式詳解 動詞的過去式的構成規則有:
A、規則動詞
① 一般直接在動詞的後面加ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited
② 以e結尾的動詞直接加d:如 lived , danced , used
③ 以輔音字母加y結尾的動詞要改y為i再加ed(此類動詞較少)如 study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play、stay不是輔音字母加y,所以不屬於此類)
④ 雙寫最後一個字母(此類動詞較少)如 stopped
B、不規則動詞(此類詞並無規則,須熟記)小學階段要記住以下動詞的原形和過去式:sing – sang , eat – ate ,
see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , am/is – was ,
are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt
四:動詞現在分詞詳解 動詞的ing形式的構成規則:
① 一般的直接在後面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating
② 以e 結尾的動詞,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing
③ 雙寫最後一個字母的(此類動詞極少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting
五:人稱和數
人稱代詞 物主代詞
主格 賓格
第一
人稱 單數 I(我) me my(我的)
復數 we(我們) us our(我們的)
第二
人稱 單數 you(你) you your(你的)
復數 you(你們) you your(你們的)
第三
人稱 單數 he(他) him his(他的)
she(她) her her(她的)
it(它) it its(它的)
復數 they(他們/她們/它們) them their(他們的/她們的/它們的)
六:句型專項歸類
1、 肯定句:是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子,如:I』m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.
There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.
2、否定句:含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子,如:I』m not a student. She is not (isn』t) a doctor.
He does not (doesn』t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren』t) four fans in our classroom.
He will not (won』t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn』t) watch TV yesterday evening.
☆注意☆ 小結:否定句主要是在肯定句的基礎上加上了否定詞 「not」。有動詞be的句子則「not」加在be後面,可縮寫成「isn』t,aren』t」,但am not 一般都分開寫。沒有動詞be的句子則要先在主要動詞的前面加上一個助動詞(do,does,did),然後在它後面加上「not」,你也可以把它們縮寫在一起如「don』t , doesn』t , didn』t )。這三個助動詞要根據人稱和時態來選擇,其中「does」只用於一般現在時主語是第三人稱單數的情況,而「did」只用於一般過去時,不論主語是什麼人稱和數,都用「did」 。
3、一般疑問句:是指詢問事實的句子,此類句子必須用「yes」,或「no」來回答。
如:Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, I』m not.
Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isn』t.
Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn』t.
Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there aren』t.
Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we aren』t.)
Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(won』t).
Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they aren』t.
Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didn』t.
☆注意☆ 小結:一般疑問句是在肯定句的基礎上,
①把動詞be調到首位,其他照寫,末尾標點符號變成問號即可。
②沒有動詞be的句子則要在句首加上一個助動詞(do,does,did)再把緊跟在後面的動詞變回原形,末尾標點符號變成問號即可。
這三個助動詞也要根據人稱和時態來選擇,其中「does」只用於一般現在時主語是第三人稱單數的情況,而「did」只用於一般過去時,不論主語是什麼人稱和數,都用「did」 。一般疑問句有個重要的原則就是問和答要一致,即問句里的第一個單詞(助動詞)和簡略答句里的這個詞是一致的。
4、特殊疑問句:以特殊疑問詞(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)開頭引導的句子。此類句子應該問什麼就答什麼,不能用「yes 、no」來回答。如:
What is this? It』s a computer.
What does he do? He』s a doctor.
Where are you going? I』m going to Beijing.
Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike.
Which season do you like best? Summer.
When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30.
Whose skirt is this? It』s Amy』s.
Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees.
How are you? I』m fine. / I』m happy.
How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train.
☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容詞連用組成特殊疑問片語用來提問,如: how many(多少(數量)), how much(多少(錢)), how tall(多高), how long(多長), how big(多大), how heavy(多重)
例句:How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils.
How many girls can you see? I can see four girls.
How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51.
☆小結:how many 用來提問可數名詞的數量,主要有以上三種句式搭配,
How many + 名詞復數 + do you have? 你有多少……?
How many + 名詞復數 + can you see? 你能看見多少……?
How many + 名詞復數 + are there…? 有多少……?
七:完全、縮略形式: I』m=I am he』s=he is she』s=she is they』re=they are you』re=you are there』s=there is they』re=they are can』t=can not don』t=do not doesn』t=does not isn』t=is not aren』t=are not let』s=let us won』t=will not I』ll=I will wasn』t=was not
總結:通常情況下,'m即am,'s即is(但 let』s=let us), 're即are ,n't即not (但can』t=can not)
八:與字母相關的題型
( 註:五個母音字母是 Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu )
一.將所給字母的大小寫寫在橫線上
Hh Rr Xx Gg Mm Uu Zz Ff Qq Ii
二.寫出下列字母的左鄰右舍。
1.( ) Hh ( ) 2.( ) Bb ( ) 3.( ) Ll ( ) 4.( ) Rr ( ) 5.( ) Qq ( ) 6.( ) Ww ( )
三.用小寫字母抄寫下列單詞。
1.ROOM( ) 2.UNDER( ) 3.PLEASE( ) 4.PICTURE( ) 5.WHERE( ) 6.TWINS( ) 7.EXCUSE( ) 8.HOW( ) 9.CAKE( ) 10.SMALL( )
四.將全是母音字母的那一組圈起來
1. a c e 2. i e o 3. v u k 4. e u I 5. J B I 6. E T V 7. E I O 8. A U E
五.寫出與所給單詞發音相同的字母(大小寫)。
1.bee ( ) 2.sea ( ) 3.tea ( ) 4.are ( ) 5.why ( ) 6.you ( )
❸ 人教PEP版小學六年級下冊英語問題,因為是畢業班,所以要把知識梳理一遍,見下
六年級英語下冊知識總結
Unit1 How tall are you?
四會詞彙:
tall—taller更高的 short—shorter 更矮的 strong—stronger更強壯的 old—older 年齡更大的 young—younger 更年輕的 big—bigger更大的heavy—heavier 更重的 long—longer 更長的 thin—thinner 更瘦的 small—smaller (體型)更小的
四會句型:
How tall are you? 你有多高?
I』m 164 cm tall. 我164 厘米高。
You』re shorter than me. 你比我矮。
You』re 4 cm taller than me.你比我高4厘米。
How heavy are you? 你有多重?
I』m 48 kg. 我48千克。
應該掌握的知識點:
1、表示兩者之間有所比較時,句子中的形容詞要用比較級形式。形容詞變為比較級的變化規則:
(1)一般情況下,在形容詞的詞尾直接加er。如: tall—taller short—shorter.(2)以字母e結尾的形容詞,在詞尾直接加r,如:nice—nicer. late—later (3)以重讀閉音節結尾,且結尾只有一個輔音字母的詞,先雙寫這個輔音字母,再加er.如:big—bigger thin—thinner fat—fatter (4)以輔音字母加y結尾的雙音節形容詞,先變y為i , 再加er。如:easy—easier heavy—heavier funny—funnier.
形容詞比較級的變化口訣:
原級變為比較級,通常er加上去。若是結尾輔元輔,輔音雙寫要牢記。
輔音加y結尾時,把y變i 是必須。原級若以e結尾,直接加r不後悔。
2、部分形容詞比較級的不規則變化good—better well—better
bad—worse badly—worse many—more much—more
little—less far—farther
3、同義句:
How tall are you?==What』s your height?
How heavy are you?==What』s your weight?
4、以How開頭的問句(僅限小學階段):
How are you? 問身體狀況。
How old…? 問年齡
How tall…? 問身高
How long…? 問長度
How big…? 問大小(指外型、形體的大小)
How heavy…? 問體重、重量
How many…? 問多少,物體的數量
How much…? 問價格
5、it』s 與its: 這兩個詞發音相同但意義不同。it』s是 it is的縮寫,漢語意思是「它是」,如:it』s a fat cat. 它是一隻肥貓。its是代詞,意思是「它的」,如:that is its tail. 那是它的尾巴。
6、My schoolbag is bigger than _________.
A. you B. your C yours
這里的正確答案應該是選項C. yours。Yours是名詞性物主代詞,它在這里所代表的意思是「your schoolbag」. Than後面要跟名詞或名詞性短語,因此在這里一定要用名詞性物主代詞。與形容詞性物主代詞相對應的名詞性物主代詞還有:my---mine your---yours his—his her—hers it—its their—theirs
Unit2 What』s the matter ,Mike?
四會詞彙
have a fever 發燒 have a sore throat喉嚨疼 have a cold感冒
have a toothache 牙疼 have a headache 頭疼 matter事情,麻煩
sore 疼的 hurt疼痛 nose 鼻子 tired疲勞的,累的 excited興奮的
angry生氣的 happy高興的 bored無聊的,煩人的 sad 憂傷的,悲傷的
四會句型:
What』s the matter? 怎麼了?
My throat is sore. My nose hurts.我喉嚨疼。我鼻子疼。
How are you, Liu Yun? You look happy. 你好嗎,劉雲。你看起來很高興。
How are you, Sarah? You look sad today. 你好嗎,Sarah?今天,你看起來很難過
應該掌握的知識點:
1、ache是名詞,它表示連續固定的疼痛,它是個體弱多病的傢伙,身體部位名稱是怕它了,哪個部位不小心被它跟上了,就倒霉了。earache耳朵痛,stomachache 胃疼,backache 背疼,heartache 心臟病
2、sore , ache 與hurt
sore是形容詞,表示「疼的、痛的」放在名詞前或系動詞be後,如:a sore nose 鼻子疼 My nose is sore. 我的鼻子疼。
ache是名詞,常常放在名詞後,表示連續固定的疼痛,如:headache 頭疼 stomachache 胃疼,backache 背疼,heartache 心臟病
hurt是動詞,指「刺痛、使受傷痛」,如:he hurts his leg.他傷了腿。 這時我們還可以說「His leg hurts.他腿疼。」有時它們還可以表達相同的含義,如:I have a sore back==I have a backache==My back hurts.但是要注意的是,並不是所有的詞都可以這樣轉換,有些固定的用法是不能改變的。
3、What』s the matter? matter做名詞時意思是「要緊事,麻煩事,問題」,在此用法中一定要加定冠詞the。其同義句為:What』s wrong? What』s the trouble? What』s up? What』s the problem? 作為看病用語,它常用來詢問病人的身體狀況。
4、might 與 may: might 與may 都可以表示可能性。might 在表示推測時,把握比較小,表示特別尊重對方,心裡沒底,更帶有試探性。may表示一件事或許會發生(或是某種情況可能會發生)。
5、hear 與 listen: hear表示「聽見,聽到」的結果。如:I listened but I couldn』t hear anything.我注意聽,但什麼也沒聽到。
listen 表示「聽,注意聽,傾聽」的動作。如:They are listening to the radio.他們在聽廣播。
6、關於一般現在時:
一般現在時的用法: 表示經常或者反復發生的動作。如: 我每天吃午飯。I have lunch every day. 還表示現在存在的一種狀態.。如:我姐姐是一位老師。My sister is a teacher.
一般現在時態經常與 often(經常)sometimes(有時)always(總是)usually(通常)等副詞連用,也經常與 every day(每天), every week(每周), every month(每月), every term(每學期), every year(每年), once a week (一周一次),twice a year(一年兩次)等時間狀語連用。
(1)一般現在時態分為 be 動詞的一般現在時和實義動詞的一般現在時。
1) be 動詞包括 am,is,are,中文為「是」,這三個詞的用法要隨著主語的變化而變化。「am」 用於第一人稱單數(I); 「is」用於第三人稱單數(he,she,it);「are」用於第一人稱復數(we),第二人稱單數和復數(you), 第三人稱復數( they)。 可以記住以下順口溜: am 是專門來管「我」,is 只管「他,她,它」,are 就管「你」和「大家」。
2)一般疑問句和否定句
I am a teacher. (我是一位老師)
You are his friend.(你是他的朋友)
She is a nurse.(她是一名護士)
以上三個句子都是肯定句。此類句子變成疑問句和否定句時,有些地方的語序和漢語不同,需特別注意。變為疑問句時,把動詞 be 「am,is,are」放在句首,回答時也要使用 be 動詞;變為否定句時,把表示否定的not 放在「am is are」的後面,其中可以簡寫為:
is not ---- isn't are not ---- aren't am not 沒有簡寫形式。
如:Am I a teacher? Yes, I am. (No, I am not)
Are you his friend? Yes, you are. (No, you are not.)
Is she a nurse? Yes, she is. (No, she is not.)
否定句:I am not a teacher.
You are not his friend.
She is not a nurse.
3)如果句子的動詞不是 be 動詞「am is are」而是其他實義動詞, 疑問句和否定句要藉助於助動詞「do」或者「does」,也就是說 be 動詞和實義動詞原形不能同時使用。 這里的「do」 「does」本身沒有什麼意義,只是幫助構成疑問句和否定句。一般疑問句讀時必須用降調。
「do」和「does」的使用要隨著人稱的變化而變化。請看下面兩組句子,注意區分他們的共同點和不同點。
I go to school every day. He goes to school every day.
I don't go to school every day. He doesn't go to school every day.
Do you go to school every day? Does he go to school every day?
Yes, I do. (No, I don't) Yes, he does. (No, he doesn't)
這兩組句子中,由於人稱的不同,句子的結構也不同,具體如下:
當主語是第三人稱單數時,肯定句為:主語 + 動詞的 s 形式 + 賓語.
否定句為:主語 + 助動詞 doesn't + 動詞原形 + 賓語.
疑問句為:Does + 主語 + 動詞原形 + 賓語?
肯定回答和否定回答也要使用助動詞 does.
註:第三人稱單數用了 does 後面就不用動詞的 s 形式了,而用動詞原形。
動詞的一般現在時態, 除了第三人稱單數(he she it) 外,其餘都用動詞原形。當主語是其他人稱時,肯定句為:主語+動詞原形 + 賓語.
否定句為:主語 + 助動詞 don't + 動詞原形 + 賓語.
疑問句為:Do + 主語 + 動詞原形 + 賓語?
肯定回答和否定回答也要使用助動詞 do。
變為疑問句,要在句首加「do」; 變為否定句, 要在動詞前面加「do not」, 可以簡寫為「don't」.
Unit3 Last weekend
四會詞彙:
watch—watched 看 wash—washed 洗 clean—cleaned打掃 play—played玩 visit—visited 看望 do—did last weekend上一個周末 go—went去
go to a park—went to a park 去公園 go swimming—went swimming去游泳
go fishing—went fishing去釣魚 read—read 讀 go hiking—went hiking 去郊遊
四會句型:
What did you do last weekend? 你上個周末干什麼了?
I played football. 我踢足球了。
Did you read books? 你讀書了嗎?
Yes, I did.是的,我讀了。
No, I didn』t. 不,我沒有。
應該掌握的知識點:
1、關於一般過去時
一般過去時態:表示過去某一時間所發生的動作或存在的狀態。謂語動詞要用一般過去式。經常與yesterday(昨天), last week(上周), last month(上個月), last year(去年), two months ago(兩個月前), the day before yesterday(前天),in 1990 (在1990年), in those days (在那些日子裡)等表示過去的時間狀語連用。
如: I was born in 1990. (我出生在1990年)。
When did you go to the park? (你是什麼時候去的公園)。
I went to the park last week. (我是上周去的公園)
在上面的句子中第一句屬於be動詞的一般過去時態;第二句和第三句屬於實義動詞的一般過去時態。
(1)Be 動詞的一般過去時態
在沒有實義動詞的句子中使用be動詞, am is 的過去式為was; are的過去式為were.
構成:肯定句:主語+was (were) +賓語.
如:I was late yesterday. (昨天我遲到了。)
否定句:主語+was (were) +not+賓語.
如:We weren't late yesterday. (我們昨天沒遲到)
疑問句:Was (Were) +主語+賓語?
如: Were you ill yesterday? (你昨天病了嗎?)
肯定回答: Yes, I was. (是的,我病了。)
否定句: No, I wasn't. (不,我沒病。)
特殊疑問句: 特殊疑問詞+was (were) +主語+賓語?
如:When were you born? 你是什麼時候出生的?
(2)實義動詞的一般過去時態
肯定句要使用動詞的過去式,否定句和疑問句要使用助動詞do和 does 的過去式 did.
肯定句為:主語+動詞過去式+賓語.
如: I went home at nine o'clock yesterday.(我昨天九點鍾回的家。)
否定句:主語+didn't +動詞原形+賓語.
如:I didn't go home yesterday. (我昨天沒回家。)
疑問句:Did +主語+動詞原形+賓語?
如: Did you go home yesterday? (你昨天回家了嗎?)
肯定回答: Yes, I did. (是的,我回了。)
否定回答:No, I didn't. (不,我沒回家。)
(3)助動詞和情態動詞過去式如下:
shall― should(將要)用於第一人稱單數
will― would(將要)用於所有人稱
can -- could(能,會) may― might(可以) must― must (必須)
have to― had to(不得不)
助動詞和情態動詞的過去時態要使用他們的過去式,後面的動詞還使用原形。
如: I had to do my homework yesterday. (昨天我不得不做作業。)
(4)一般過去時態由動詞的過去式表示。大多數動詞的過去式是在動詞原形後加上ed構成。這類動詞稱為規則動詞。
1) 一般情況下在詞尾直接加ed。 如:play― played work― worked
2) 以e結尾的動詞只加d. 如:like--- liked love― loved
3) 以輔音字母+Y結尾的動詞,變Y為I,再加ed. 如:study― studied
4) 以重讀閉音節結尾的動詞,如果末尾只有一個輔音字母,要雙寫最後這個輔音字母,再加ed. 如:stop― stopped
(5)--ed的讀音規則如下:
1) 在清輔音後面讀[t].
2) 在濁輔音或母音後讀[d].
3) 在[t] 和[d] 後讀[id].
(6)不以ed 結尾的過去式,稱為不規則動詞。
一般過去時態的「三變」技巧
一變:肯定句變為否定句
【技巧1】當句中含有情態動詞或助動詞could,would,should等時,可直接在其後面加not構成否定句。例如:
I could get you a concert ticket. → I could not / couldn't get you a concert ticket.
【技巧2】當句中含有系動詞was,were 時,可直接在其後加not構成否定句。例如:
I was on the Internet when you called me. → I was not / wasn't on the Internet when you called me.
【技巧3】當句中謂語是除情態動詞、助動詞、系動詞was, were以外的動詞時,在該動詞之前加did not / didn't,動詞還原,構成否定句。例如:
The famous singer sang some Chinese songs. → The famous singer did not / didn't sing any Chinese songs.
二變:陳述句變為一般疑問句
【技巧1】移動詞語的位置。將was,were, could,would,should等移到句首。例如:
He could pack his things himself. → Could he pack his things himself?
【技巧2】添加助動詞did。謂語是除情態動詞、助動詞、系動詞was, were以外的動詞時,在主語之前加did,動詞還原。例如:
Mr Li looked very old. → Did Mr Li look very old?
三變:陳述句變為特殊疑問句
【技巧1】確定疑問詞:人who / whom,物what,地點where,時間when / what time,原因why,頻率how often,長度how long,距離how far等。例如:
They gave the concert last night. → When did they give the concert?
【技巧2】辨認結構形式:疑問詞+情態動詞/助動詞/ was / were / did +主語+...? 例如:
The accident happened near the station. → Where did the accident happen?
2、關於名詞所有格:(僅限於小學階段 's所有格的用法)
(1)表示有生命的東西的名詞末尾加's。例如:
Jim's bed 吉米的床
1)表示診所、店鋪或某人的家等地點名詞,其名詞所有格後的被修飾語常常省略。例如:
I met her at the doctor's(office).我在診所遇見了她。
He has gone to the tailor's(shop).他到服裝店去了。
She went to Mr. Black's (house)yesterday.她昨天到布萊克先生家去了。
2)名詞所有格所修飾的詞,如果前面已經提到過,往往可以省略,以免重復。例如:
Whose pen is this? It's Tom's.這是誰的鋼筆?是湯姆的。
The bike is not mine, but Wang Pinpin's.這輛自行車不是我的,是王品品的。
3、them與their: them表示「他們」 是人稱代詞賓格,放在及物動詞和介詞後面做賓語。如I want to help them. 我想幫助他們。 their「他們的」是形容詞性物主代詞,放在名詞前面。These are their books.這是他們的書。
Unit4 My holiday
四會詞彙
learn Chinese—learned Chinese學漢語 sing and dance—sang and danced 唱歌和跳舞 eat good food—ate good food吃好吃的食物take pictures—took pictures 照相 climb—climbed 爬 have—had buy presents—bought presents買禮物
row a boat—rowed a boat 劃船 see elephant—saw elephant 看大象
go skiing—went skiing 去滑雪 go ice-skating—went ice-skating 去滑冰
how怎麼,如何 get—got 到達 last上一個的,僅余的,留在最後的
四會句型:
Where did you go on your holiday? 你去哪裡度假了?
I went to Xinjiang. 我去新疆了。
How did you go there? 你怎麼去那兒的?
I went by train.我坐火車去的。
應該掌握的知識點:
1、時間前介詞的用法:
英語中不同的時間前所用的介詞不相同,一般有如下規則
(1)在表示一段時間的詞語前用in,如在年份、月份、季節前用in,如in
2009, in May, in spring等。另外在上午、在下午、在晚上也用in. in the
morning, in the afternoon, in the evening.
(2)表示在某一天,在星期幾,在幾月幾日時用on,如on Monday , on May 1st. 另外還有on Tuesday morning.
(3) 表示具體的時刻,在…幾點鍾時用at。如 at 6 o』clock. at 7:20.
twenty-first
巧學妙記:基數詞變序數語口訣
基變序,有規律,詞尾加上th;
一二三,特殊記,八去t, 九去e;
five, twelve兩兄弟,ve要用f 替;
將y變成 ie, 詞尾加上th.
若是遇到幾十幾,只變個位就可以。
❹ PEP 六年級小學英語復習資料
PEP小學英語畢業總復習
一:學生易錯詞彙
1. a, an的選擇: 母音音素開頭的單詞用an,輔音音素開頭的單詞用a.
2. am , is , are的選擇: 單數用is , 復數用are, I 用 am , you 用 are.
3. have , has 的選擇: 表示某人有某物。單數用has , 復數用have, I \you 用 have .
4. there is, there are 的選擇:表示某地有某物或某人。單數用there is , 復數用there are.
5. some, any 的選擇:肯定句用some, 疑問句和否定句用any.
6. 疑問詞的選擇:what (什麼) who (誰) where (哪裡) whose (誰的) why(為什麼)when(什麼時候)which(哪一個)how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少錢)
二:形容詞比較級詳解
當我們需要對事物作出比較時,需要用到比較級。比較級的句子結構通常是:
什麼 + 動詞be (am , is , are ) + 形容詞比較級 + than(比)+ 什麼 ,如:
I』m taller and heavier than you. (我比你更高和更重。)
An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一隻大象比一隻老虎更大。)
形容詞的比較級是在形容詞的基礎上變化而來的,它的變化規則是:
① 一般的直接在詞尾加er ,如 tall - taller , strong - stronger ,
② 以e結尾的,直接加r ,如 fine – finer ,
③ 以輔音字母加y結尾的,先改y為i再加er,如funny - funnier
④ 雙寫最後的字母再加er,如big – bigger, thin – thinner ,hot – hotter
☆注意☆ 比較的兩者應該是互相對應的可比較的東西。
典型錯誤:My hair is longer than you.(我的頭發比你更長。)
比較的兩者是我的頭發、你(整個人),那麼比較的對象就沒有可比性。
應該改為:My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.
比較級專項練習:
一、從下面中選出合適的單詞完成句子
heavy tall long big
(1) How is the Yellow River?
(2) How is Mr Green? He』s 175cm.
(3) How are your feet? I wear size 18.
(4)How is the fish? It』s 2kg.
二、根據句意寫出所缺的單詞
(1) I』m 12 years old. You』re 14. I』m than you.
(2) A rabbit』s tail is than a monkey』s tail.
(3) An elephant is than a pig.
(4) A lake is than a sea.
(5) A basketball is than a football.(貴的)
三、根據中文完成句子.
(1) 我比我的弟弟大三歲. I』m than my brother.
(2) 這棵樹要比那棵樹高. This tree than that one.
(3) 你比他矮四厘米. You are than he.
(4) 誰比你重? than you?
四、根據答句寫出問句
(1) I』m 160 cm.
(2) I』m 12 years old.
(4) Amy』s hair is 30 cm long.
三:動詞過去式詳解 動詞的過去式的構成規則有:
A、規則動詞
① 一般直接在動詞的後面加ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited
② 以e結尾的動詞直接加d:如 lived , danced , used
③ 以輔音字母加y結尾的動詞要改y為i再加ed(此類動詞較少)如 study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play、stay不是輔音字母加y,所以不屬於此類)
④ 雙寫最後一個字母(此類動詞較少)如 stopped
B、不規則動詞(此類詞並無規則,須熟記)小學階段要記住以下動詞的原形和過去式:sing – sang , eat – ate ,
see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , am/is – was ,
are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt
四:動詞現在分詞詳解 動詞的ing形式的構成規則:
① 一般的直接在後面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating
② 以e 結尾的動詞,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing
③ 雙寫最後一個字母的(此類動詞極少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting
五:人稱和數
人稱代詞 物主代詞
主格 賓格
第一
人稱 單數 I(我) me my(我的)
復數 we(我們) us our(我們的)
第二
人稱 單數 you(你) you your(你的)
復數 you(你們) you your(你們的)
第三
人稱 單數 he(他) him his(他的)
she(她) her her(她的)
it(它) it its(它的)
復數 they(他們/她們/它們) them their(他們的/她們的/它們的)
六:句型專項歸類
1、 肯定句:是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子,如:I』m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.
There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.
2、否定句:含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子,如:I』m not a student. She is not (isn』t) a doctor.
He does not (doesn』t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren』t) four fans in our classroom.
He will not (won』t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn』t) watch TV yesterday evening.
☆注意☆ 小結:否定句主要是在肯定句的基礎上加上了否定詞 「not」。有動詞be的句子則「not」加在be後面,可縮寫成「isn』t,aren』t」,但am not 一般都分開寫。沒有動詞be的句子則要先在主要動詞的前面加上一個助動詞(do,does,did),然後在它後面加上「not」,你也可以把它們縮寫在一起如「don』t , doesn』t , didn』t )。這三個助動詞要根據人稱和時態來選擇,其中「does」只用於一般現在時主語是第三人稱單數的情況,而「did」只用於一般過去時,不論主語是什麼人稱和數,都用「did」 。
3、一般疑問句:是指詢問事實的句子,此類句子必須用「yes」,或「no」來回答。
如:Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, I』m not.
Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isn』t.
Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn』t.
Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there aren』t.
Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we aren』t.)
Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(won』t).
Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they aren』t.
Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didn』t.
☆注意☆ 小結:一般疑問句是在肯定句的基礎上,
①把動詞be調到首位,其他照寫,末尾標點符號變成問號即可。
②沒有動詞be的句子則要在句首加上一個助動詞(do,does,did)再把緊跟在後面的動詞變回原形,末尾標點符號變成問號即可。
這三個助動詞也要根據人稱和時態來選擇,其中「does」只用於一般現在時主語是第三人稱單數的情況,而「did」只用於一般過去時,不論主語是什麼人稱和數,都用「did」 。一般疑問句有個重要的原則就是問和答要一致,即問句里的第一個單詞(助動詞)和簡略答句里的這個詞是一致的。
4、特殊疑問句:以特殊疑問詞(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)開頭引導的句子。此類句子應該問什麼就答什麼,不能用「yes 、no」來回答。如:
What is this? It』s a computer.
What does he do? He』s a doctor.
Where are you going? I』m going to Beijing.
Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike.
Which season do you like best? Summer.
When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30.
Whose skirt is this? It』s Amy』s.
Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees.
How are you? I』m fine. / I』m happy.
How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train.
☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容詞連用組成特殊疑問片語用來提問,如: how many(多少(數量)), how much(多少(錢)), how tall(多高), how long(多長), how big(多大), how heavy(多重)
例句:How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils.
How many girls can you see? I can see four girls.
How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51.
☆小結:how many 用來提問可數名詞的數量,主要有以上三種句式搭配,
How many + 名詞復數 + do you have? 你有多少……?
How many + 名詞復數 + can you see? 你能看見多少……?
How many + 名詞復數 + are there…? 有多少……?
七:完全、縮略形式: I』m=I am he』s=he is she』s=she is they』re=they are you』re=you are there』s=there is they』re=they are can』t=can not don』t=do not doesn』t=does not isn』t=is not aren』t=are not let』s=let us won』t=will not I』ll=I will wasn』t=was not
總結:通常情況下,'m即am,'s即is(但 let』s=let us), 're即are ,n't即not (但can』t=can not)
八:與字母相關的題型
( 註:五個母音字母是 Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu )
一.將所給字母的大小寫寫在橫線上
Hh Rr Xx Gg Mm Uu Zz Ff Qq Ii
二.寫出下列字母的左鄰右舍。
1.( ) Hh ( ) 2.( ) Bb ( ) 3.( ) Ll ( ) 4.( ) Rr ( ) 5.( ) Qq ( ) 6.( ) Ww ( )
三.用小寫字母抄寫下列單詞。
1.ROOM( ) 2.UNDER( ) 3.PLEASE( ) 4.PICTURE( ) 5.WHERE( ) 6.TWINS( ) 7.EXCUSE( ) 8.HOW( ) 9.CAKE( ) 10.SMALL( )
四.將全是母音字母的那一組圈起來
1. a c e 2. i e o 3. v u k 4. e u I 5. J B I 6. E T V 7. E I O 8. A U E
五.寫出與所給單詞發音相同的字母(大小寫)。
1.bee ( ) 2.sea ( ) 3.tea ( ) 4.are ( ) 5.why ( ) 6.you ( )