2014菏泽语文中考试题

1. 2009年菏泽中考语文试题答案

语文试题（A）参考答案及评分标准
一、积累与运用（共20分）
1．答案：qìng 巅
评分：答对1个得1分，全对得2分。
2．答案：①“公”字后的句号应放在引号内，或将冒号改为逗号。
② 第一个句号应改为分号。
评分：答对1个得1分，共2分。
3．答案示例：① 同舟共济 ② 众志成城
评分：答对一个得1分，共2分。
4．示例：我仰望星空,它是那样寥廓而深邃；那无穷的真理，让我苦苦地求索、追随。
我仰望星空,它是那样庄严而圣洁；那凛然的正义，让我充满热爱、感到敬畏。
我仰望星空,它是那样自由而宁静；那博大的胸怀,让我的心灵栖息、依偎。
我仰望星空,它是那样壮丽而光辉；那永恒的炽热，让我心中燃起希望的烈焰、响起春雷。
评分：意思对即可得2分。
5．答案：罗曼•罗兰 列夫•托尔斯泰
评分：每空1分，共2分。
6. 答案示例：清明节公历4月5日前后 祭奠祖先、缅怀先人的节日，是认祖归宗的纽带；更是一个远足踏青、亲近自然、催护新生的仪式。借问酒家何处有，牧童遥指杏花村。
评分：节日及日期1分,相关习俗（两种）及内含2分, 相关诗歌名句2分,共5分。
7. 答案： ① 有朋自远方来 不亦乐乎 ② 鸢飞戾天者 经纶世务者 ③ 此中有真意 欲辨已忘言 ④ 几处早莺争暖树 谁家新燕啄春泥 ⑤ 示例：海内存知己 天涯若比邻
评分：每小题1分，出现错别字或添字、漏字该题不得分，共5分。
二、阅读（共50分）
8．答案：写出了诗人与亲朋音讯隔绝的现实，更突出了诗人的思家之切。
评分：每个要点1分，共2分。意思对即可。
9．答案：诗人因为自己被贬谪又逃归的特殊身份不敢向从家乡来的人问讯；表现了诗人想问又不敢问的矛盾而焦虑复杂的心情。
评分：每个要点1分，共2分。意思对即可。
10.答案：① 因为 ② 说出
评分：每小题1分，共2分。意思对即可。
11.答案：① 看到溪水像北斗星那样曲折，像蛇那样蜿蜒前行，时隐时现。
② 美好的树木与奇异的山竹投下的阴影，互相遮映。
评分：每小题2分，共4分。意思对即可。
12.答案：甲文：清澈透明，侧面（间接）描写 乙文：水流湍急，正面（直接）描写
评分：每小题2分，共4分。意思对即可。
13.答案：借景抒情 例如甲文借描写小石潭的幽美、凄寒，表达了作者孤寂悲凉的心境。
评分：共2分。意思对即可。
14.答案：主要抓住手和脸的局部特征；突出于勒生活窘迫，处境艰难。
评分：每一问1分，共2分。意思对即可。
15.答案：强调了“我”与于勒的血缘关系；表现了“我”对于勒的深切同情；刻画了“我”既想相认，但迫于父母态度又不敢相认的矛盾心理。
评分：每个要点1分，共3分。意思对即可。
16.答案：表现出“我”的单纯、善良、和富于同情心；表现菲利普一家经济拮据；表现菲利普夫妇的爱慕虚荣、自私、势利和无情。
评分：每个要点1分，共3分。意思对即可。
17.答案：中国画、中国传统建筑、武术和中国古典小说。
评分：答对两个得1分，共2分。
18.答案：整句和散句相结合,并运用了排比、对偶和比喻等修辞方法，简洁生动。
评分：语言特点2分，作用1分，意思对即可，共3分。
19.答案：《水浒传》先是以不同人物为线索分别来写，后众好汉聚义梁山。全文结构就像河流一样，一条条支流先后汇入干流。因而这种小说结构形式被称为“水脉系结构”。
评分：意思对即可，共2分。
20.答案示例：将北京的“京”字演化为舞动的人体，展现着中华汉字所呈现出的东方思想和民族气韵，传递着华夏文明所独具的人文特质和优雅品格。
评分：意思大体正确即可得分，共3分。
21.答案：含义：觅句①是指诗歌创作的构思立意、斟词酌句；觅句②是指科学探索和研究。
评分：含义答对一处得1分，共2分。意思对即可。
22.答案：共通之处：需要捕捉灵感；要忘我投入，付出艰辛；需要提炼材料，抽纳规律；都应是对真的好奇和对美的欣赏。
评分：共通之处答对1个要点得1分，共4分。要求语言简练。
23.答案：庞卡立的话意为：科学研究要透过事物的外在表象发现事物的本质和规律，由 零散的材料找到事物的内在联系。爱因斯坦的话意为：科学探索的历程要经过迷茫——希望——探索——发现这样一个不断反复、曲折艰辛的历程。
评分：答对得2分，意思对即可。
24.答案：现实世界；理想的世界。科学家和诗人的理想与现实充满矛盾。
评分：答对含义得2分，答对立场得2分，共4分。其他答案意思对即可。
25.答案示例：①不生硬说教，让读者从事实中领悟道理。如阐述科学探索要善于捕捉灵感、要忘我投入的见解时，便是如此。②论证方法多样。或举例，或引用，或表明看法，不拘格套；运用类比阐述不同事物之间的联系，易于把握事物的特点和规律，如将科学探索与求诗觅句作类比；运用比喻使深奥的科学道理变得生动形象，通俗易懂。如用石头与房子的关系比喻事实与科学的关系。
评分：答对一点得2分，共4分。其他答案符合题意即可。
三、写作（共50分）
略

2. 2014年菏泽中考分数线

一中620左右吧 听邻居小孩说的

3. 山东菏泽中考试题是什么

关于菏泽中考，你最好去菏泽二十一中和二十二中看看吧，如果认识那的老师最好了。21中22中在菏泽初中里面是最强的

4. 最新版菏泽市中招英语考试模拟试题（三）及答案

第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt A．￡19.15. B．￡9.15. C．￡9.18. 答案是B.1. How much will the man pay for the ticketsA. ￡7.5. B. ￡15. C. ￡50.2. Which is the right gate for the man's flightA. Gate 16. B. Gate 22. C. Gate 25.3. How does the man feel about going to school by bikeA. Happy. B. Tired. C. Worried.4. When can the man get the computersA. On Tuesday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Thursday5. What does the man think of the shirt for the partyA. The size is not large enough. B. The material is not good. C. The color is not suitable. 第二节 （共15小题；每题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What can we learn about Mr. BrownA. He is in his office. B. He is at a meeting. C. He is out for a meeting.7. What will the man probably do nextA. Call back. B. Come again. C. Leave a message.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What kind of room does the man want to takeA. A single room. B. A double room. C. A room for three.9. What does the man need to put in the formA. Telephone and student card numbers.B. Student card number and address.C. Address and telephone number.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What is the relationship between the speakersA. Fellow clerks. B. Boss and secretary.C. Customer and salesperson.11. What does the man like about his jobA. Living close to the office.B. Chances to go abroad.C. Nice people to work with.12. What do we know about the womanA. She likes traveling.B. She is new to the company.C. She works in public relations.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. When will the visitors comeA. In March. B. In April. C. In May. 14. How many visitors are comingA. 8. B. 10. C. 12.15 What will the visitors do on the second dayA. Go to a party. B. Visit schools. C. Attend a lecture. 16. Where will the visitors go on the final dayA. To London B. To Scotland C. To the coast.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What is the first word the baby tried to sayA. Truck. B. Ok. C. Duck. 18. How old was the baby when he learned to say that word correctlyA. About 18 months. B. About 21 months. C. About 24 months.19. What did the father do when the baby screamed that word at the airportA. He corrected the baby.B. He tried to stop the baby.C. He hid himself somewhere. 20. Why did the mother pretend not to know the babyA. She got angry with the father.B. She was frightened by the noise.C. She felt uneasy about the noisy baby. 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节, 满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C .whichever D. whenever 答案是B.2l. The house belongs to my aunt but she______ here any more.A. hasn't lived B. didn't live C. hadn't lived D. doesn't live22. We______the last bus and didn't have any money for taxi, so we had to walk home.A. reached B. lost C. missed D. caught23. See the flags on top of the building That was______ we did this morning.A. when B. which C. where D. What24. There's no light on - they______ be at home.A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shouldn't25.- Excuse me, can you tell me where the nearest bank is, please －______ Oh yes! It's past the office, next to a big market.A. Mm, let me think. B. Oh, I beg your pardonC. You're welcome. D. What do you mean26. If I can help_______, I don't like working late into the night.A. so B. that C. it D. them27. Mike didn't play football yesterday because he had ______ his leg.A. damaged B. hurt C. hit D. struck28. ______he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience.A. Since B. Unless C. As D. Although29. The water ______ cool when I joined into the pool for morning exercise.A. was felt B. is felt C. felt D. feels30. - Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith - Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here.A. 不填 B. a C. the D. one31. Eliza remembers everything exactly as if ______ yesterday.A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. happened32. ______ and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize.A. Surprising B. Surprised C. Being surprised D. To be surprising33. Please remind me______ he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off.A. where B. when C. how D. what34. - I wonder if I could possibly use your car for tonight -______. I'm not using it anyhow.A. Sure, go head B. I don't know C. Yes, indeed D. I don't care35. Mary, ______ here - everybody else, stay where you are.A. come B. comes C. to come D. coming第二节 完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，撑握其大意，然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项 On a hot summer day in last August, I sought shade and a cool drink at a waterfront cafe on a Greek island. Over a hundred degrees in 36 air. Crowded. Tempers(脾气) of both the tourists and waiters had 37 to meet the situation, making it a rather quarrelsome environment(环境). At the table next to mine sat an attractive, 38 couple, waiting for 39 . They held hands, whispered, kissed, and laughed. Suddenly they stood, picked up their 40 and stepped together 41 the edge of where they were sitting to place the table in the sea water. The man stepped 42 for the two chairs. He politely 43 his lady in the knee-deep water and then sat down himself. All people around laughed and cheered.44 appeared. He paused for just a second, walked into the water to 45 the table and take their 46 , and then walked back to the 47 cheers of the rest of his 48 . Minutes later he returned carrying a bottle of wine and two glasses. Without pausing, he went 49 into the water to 50 the wine. The couple toasted(祝酒) each other, the waiter and the crowd. And the crowd 51 by cheering and throwing flowers to them. Three other tables 52 to have lunch in the water. The place was now filled with laughter. One doesn’t step into water in one’s best summer clothes. Why not Customers are not served 53 . Why not Sometimes one should consider 54 the line of convention(常规) and enjoy 55 to the fullest.36. A. fresh B. cool C. still D. thin37. A. managed B. expected C. attempted D. risen38. A. lonely B. curious C. well-dressed D. bad-tempered39. A. cheers B. service C. attention D. flowers40. A. metal table B. empty bottle C. chairs D. bags41. A. on B. off C. around D. along42. A. outside B. forward C. down D. back43. A. led B. seated C. watched D. received44. A. The manager B. A friend C. A waiter D. The servant45. A. set B. wash C. remove D. check46. A. menu B. bill C. food D. order47. A. loud B. anxious C. familiar D. final48. A. tourists B. customers C. fellows D. assistants49. A. at last B. in time C. once more D. as well50. A. change B. drink C. sell D. serve51. A. replied B. insisted C. agreed D. understood52. A. prepared B. joined in C. settled up D. continued53. A. with pleasure B. in the cafe C. int the sea D. with wine54. A. following B. keeping C. limiting D. crossing55. A. life B. wine C. lunch D. time第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A Most people think of racing when they see greyhounds (灰狗) and believe they need lots of exercise. They can actually be quite lazy! Greyhounds are good at fast races but not long-distance running. They do need regular exercise but they like to run for a short burst and then get back on the bed or a comfortable seat. Another misunderstanding is that greyhounds must be aggressive(好斗的) because they are big in size. In fact greyhounds love people and are gentle with children. Greyhounds can live for 12 – 14 years but usually only race for two or three years, and after that they make great pets. They don’t need a lot of space, don’t make a lot of noise, and don’t eat a lot for their size. Normally, greyhounds can be as tall as 90 cm. There is, however, a small-sized greyhound, which stands only 33cm. Greyhounds come in a variety of colors. Grey and yellowish-brown are the most common. Others include black, white, blue, red and brown or a mix of these. Greyhounds have smooth body coats, low body fat and are very healthy. Because they’re slim (苗条的) they don’t have the leg problems like other dogs the same height. But they do feel the cold, especially since they would much rather be at home in bed than walking around outside.56. The text is written mainly______.A. to tell people how to raise greyhoundsB. to let people know more about greyhoundsC. to explain why greyhounds are aggressiveD. to describe greyhounds of different colors57. It can be inferred that greyhounds_______.A. love big doghousesB. like staying in bed all dayC. make the best guard dogsD. need some exercise outdoors58. Why does the author say that greyhounds make great petsA. They are big in size.B. They live a very long life.C. They can run races for some time.D. They are quiet and easy to look after.59. If you keep a pet greyhound, it is important________.A. to keep it slimB. to keep it warmC. to take special care of its legsD. to take it to animal doctors regularlyB Many years ago, when I was fresh out of school and working in Denver, I was driving to my parents' home in Missouri for Christmas. I stopped at a gas station(加油站)about 50 miles from Oklahoma City, where I was planning to stop and visit a friend. While I was standing in line at the cash register(收款台), I said hello to an older couple who were also paying for gas. I took off, but had gone only a few miles when black smoke poured from the back of my car. I stopped and wondered what I should do. A car pulled up behind me. It was the couple I had spoken to at the gas station. They said they would take me to my friend's We chatted on the way into the city, and when I got out of the car, the husband gave me his business card. I wrote him and his wife a thank-you note for helping me. Soon afterward, I received a Christmas present from them. Their note that came with it said that helping me had made their holidays meaningful. Years later, I drove to a meeting in a nearby town in the morning. In late afternoon I returned to my car and found that I'd left the lights on all day, and the battery(电池)was dead. Then I noticed that the Friendly Ford dealership - a shop selling cars - was right next door. I walked over and found two salesmen in the showroom. "Just how friendly is Friendly Ford" I asked and explained my trouble. They quickly drove a pickup truck to my car and started it. They would accept no payment, so when I got home, I wrote them a note to say thanks. I received a letter back from one of the salesmen. No one had ever taken the time to write him and say thank you, and it meant a lot, he said. "Thank you" - two powerful words. They're easy to say and mean so much.60. The author planned to stop at Oklahoma City_________.A. to visit a friendB. to see his parentsC. to pay at the cash registerD. to have more gas for his car61. The words “took off” underlined in Paragraph 2 mean “______”.A. turned offB. moved offC. put upD. set up62. What happened when the author found smoke coming out of his carA. He had it pulled back to the gas station.B. The couple sent him a business card.C. The couple offered to help him.D. He called his friend for help.63. The battery of the author’s car was dead because_______.A. something went wrong with the lightsB. the meeting lasted a whole dayC. he forgot to turn off the lightsD. he drove too long a distance64. By telling his own experiences, the author tries to show______.A. how to write a thank-you letterB. how to deal with car problemsC. the kind-heartedness of older peopleD. the importance of expressing thanksC A study of English learning problems was carried out among a total of 106 foreign students. It shows that most students considered understanding spoken English to be their biggest problem on arrival. This was followed by speaking. Writing increased as a problem as students discovered difficulties in writing papers that they were now expected to hand in. Reading remained as a significant(显著的) problem. The information gained helped us in determining where special attention should be paid in our course. Although many students have chosen to join the course with a reasonable motivation(动机), we considered it important to note what seemed to encourage interest. Nearly all the students have experienced some kind of grammar-based English teaching in their own country. To use the same method would be self-defeating because it might rece motivation, especially if it has failed in the past. Therefore a different method may help because it is different. Variety of activity was also seen as a way of maintaining(保持) or increasing motivation. Several years ago we had one timetable that operated throughout, but we soon found that both the students and the teachers lost interest by about halfway through the ten weeks. This led us to a major re-think, so finally we brought it into line with the expressed language needs of the students.65. What is the text mainly aboutA. Foreign students have more problems.B. There are many ways to improve English.C. Teaching should meet students’ needs.D. English learning problems should be studied again.66. Writing became a bigger problem when foreign students________.A. had to write their papersB. became better at speakingC. became less interested in readingD. had fewer problems with listening67. We may infer from the last two paragraphs that ________.A. different teaching methods should be usedB. grammar-based teaching seems to be encouragingC. English courses are necessary for foreign studentsD. teaching content should be changed halfway.D Since my retirement(退休) from teaching music in 2001, I have spent a good deal of time painting as an artist. I actually began drawing again in the summer of 1995 when my father died, so perhaps I was trying to recover from the loss of my father, or maybe it was just that it brought back memories of him. In any case, I drew pen and ink animals and landscapes(风景画) much influenced(影响) by Krenkel and St. John for five years. For some strange reason, I had been waiting until my retirement to start doing watercolors again, but as soon as I walked out of the school door for the last time I picked up my brushes and rediscovered Andrew Wyeth, who quickly became my favorite artist. I had looked through all the art books I had on my shelves and found his watercolors to be the closest to how I thought good watercolors should look. So I painted landscapes around Minnesota for three years and tried out many other types of painting. However, watercolors remained my first choice, and I think I did my best work there, showing my paintings at a number of art exhibitions. Art is now together with my piano playing and reading. There is a time for everything in my world, and it is wonderful to have some time doing what I want to do. As Confucious once said, “At seventy I can follow my heart’s desire.”69. What is the text mainly aboutA. Learning to paint in later life. B. How to paint watercolorsC. An artist-turned teacher D. Life after retirement70. The author started drawing again in 1995 because_________.A. he hoped to draw a picture of his fatherB. he couldn’t stop missing his fatherC. he had more time after retirementD. he liked animals and landscapes71. We can infer from the text that the author__________.A. had been taught by Krenkel and St. JohnB. painted landscapes in Minnesota for 5 yearsC. believed Wyeth to be the best in watercolorsD. started his retirement life at the age of severty72. How does the author probably feel about his life as an artistA. Very enjoyable. B. A bit regretful C. Rather busy. D. Fairly ll.EPhillip Island Penguins(企鹅) The Little Penguin has called Phillip Island home for untold generations. Get to Phillip Island in plenty of time to watch s summer sunset at Summerland Beach – the stage is attractively set to see the little Penguin leave water and step onto land. Leave Melbourne at 5:30 pm for a direct journey to Phillip Island. See the Gippsland area – Guinness Book of Records place for the world’s longest earthworm(蚯蚓) Journey along the coastal highway around the Bay with French Island and Churchill Island in the distance Cross the bridge at San Remo to enter Phillip Island – natural home for Little Penguins and many animals Take your place in special viewing stands(看台) to watch the daily evening performance of the wild Little PenguinsUltimate Penguins (+U) Join a group of up to 15. This guided tour goes to an attractive, quiet beach to see Little Penguins. You can see penguins at night by wearing a special pair of glasses. Alt(成人) $60.00 Child $30.00Viewing Platform Penguin Plus (+V) More personalized wildlife viewing limited to 130 people providing closer viewing of the penguin arrival than the main viewing stands. Alt $25.00 Child $12.50Penguin Skybox (+S) Join a group of only 5 in the comfort of a special, higher-up viewing tower. Gain an excellent overview of Summerland Beach. Alt 16yrs73. What kind of people is the text mainly written forA. Scientists. B. Students C. Tourists. D. Artists.74. We can learn from the text that Little Penguins__________.A. have been on Phillip Island for yearsB. keep a Guinness record for their sizeC. are trained to practice diving for visitorsD. live in large groups to protect themselves75. How much would a couple with one child pay for a closer viewing tourA. $37.50. B. $62.50. C. $180.00. D. $150.00.

5. 山东菏泽中考满分是多少

为1000分。

语文、数学、英语、物理、化学、生物、政治、历史、地理和信息技术可作为考试科目；理、化、生实验操作、艺术、综合实践等可作为考查科目（省提供一套参考性试题）；体育与健康可根据《〈国家学生体质健康标准〉实施办法》要求实施测试。

实施初中学生基础性发展目标科学评价制度。基础性发展目标评价要以《教育部关于积极推进中小学评价与考试制度改革的通知》（教基〔2002〕26号）中提出的道德品质、公民素养、学习能力、交流与合作、运动与健康、审美与表现等六个目标要求为基本依据。评价结果包括等级和综合评语二个部分。等级可用优、良、中、差或A、B、C、D的形式表达。

(5)2014菏泽语文中考试题扩展阅读：

山东菏泽中考的相关要求规定：

1、以学业考试取代升学考试。初中学生学业考试成绩，既是九年义务教育的终结性考试，也是高中阶段学校录取新生的依据之一。实行学业考试制度后，各市应取消高中阶段学校招生考试，初中学校也不得另行组织毕业考试。

2、以综合素质评价结果为依据录取新生。普通高中可以以学业考试成绩为主，将学生基础性发展目标评价等级作为重要参考录取新生，也可以将学生基础性发展目标评价等级作为高中录取新生的限定条件。

3、扩大优质高中招生自主权。对办学水平高、有特色、在当地能起示范作用的优质高中，教育行政部门应扩大其招生自主权，在学校招生总数中安排一定比例，由学校自主招生。取得招生自主权的学校，要制定自主招生工作方案，报上级教育行政部门批准后实施。

6. 2013年菏泽中考作文题目是写好人生每一页

是的，网址是回：答http://www.51test.net/zhongkao/shandong/heze/zw/

7. 2011菏泽中考物理试题及答案

2011年山东菏泽中考物理试题及参考答案（word版）
绝密★启用前 试卷类型：A
山东省菏泽市2011 年初中学业水平测试
物 理 试 题
注意事项：
1．本试题共8页，满分为70分,考试时间为70分钟。用钢笔或圆珠笔直接答在试卷上。
2．答题前考生务必将密封线内的项目填写清楚。
一、选择题（本题包括8小题，每小题2分，共16分。每小题只有1个选项符合题意，把正确选项前面的字母填在题干后的括号内，选对的得2分，多选、错选均不得分）
1．了解社会，从了解自己开始，对于一名初中生来讲，下面的说法中错误的是（ ）
A．他的质量大约是50 kg
B．他的身高大约是160 cm
C．他的密度大约是0.5×103 kg/m3
D．他的正常体温大约是37 ℃
2．电视机等家用电器的开启、关闭及频道转换，可以通过遥控器实现，遥控电视机的光是（ ）
A．红光 B．红外线 C．紫光 D．紫外线
3．物理就在我们身边，自行车的设计者运用了很多物理知识，下列说法中错误的是（ ）
A．螺母下面垫一个垫圈，是为了增大压强
B．车轴上装有滚动轴承是为了减小摩擦
C．车轮的外胎做有凹凸花纹是为了增大摩擦
D.尾灯可以将从不同方向射向它的光反射，让后面的人看到
4．“珍爱生命、注意安全”是同学们日常生活中必须具有的意识，
下列有关安全的说法，错误的是 （ ）
A．如果发生触电事故，应立即切断电源，然后施救
B．雷雨天，人不能在高处打伞行走，否则可能会被雷击中
C．使用验电笔时，手必须接触笔尾金属部分
D．洗衣机、电冰箱、电脑等许多家用电器均使用三脚插头 与三孔插座连接，如图2所示，在没有三孔插座的情况下，可以把三脚插头上最长的插头去掉，插入二孔插座中使用用电器
5．量筒做得细而高，不做成粗而矮的形状，如图3所示，主要原因是 （ ）
A．细高的量筒便于操作
B．细高的量筒可以做出相对较大的底座，增加稳度
C．细高的量筒与粗矮的相比，相应的刻度间隔较大，能较准确地读数
D．粗矮量筒中的液体较多，筒壁所受压强较大，需用较厚的玻璃，因而不便读数
6．2009年3月1日，“嫦娥一号”卫星准确落向月球预定撞击点，为中国探月一期工程画上了圆满的句号。下列关于“嫦娥一号”的说法错误的是 （ ）
A．“嫦娥一号”在围绕月球转动时，运动状态不变
B．地面对卫星的指令是通过电磁波传递的
C．“嫦娥一号”在月球表面受到的重力比在地球表面小
D．由于月球表面没有空气，所以听不到撞击声
7．测绘人员绘制地图时，需从高空向地面照相，若使用的相机镜头焦距为50 mm，则胶片到镜头的距离 （ ）
A． 大于100 mm B． 等于50 mm
C．小于50 mm D． 介于50 mm和100 mm之间
8．小明居住的帝都花园中有很多路灯，晚上没有行人时，灯仍然亮着。他想：能不能在晚上没有行人通过时，路灯能自动熄灭呢？通过查资料知道有一种“光控开关（天黑时自动闭合，天亮时自动断开）；还有一种“声控开关”（有声音时自动闭合，一分钟后，若再无声音就自动断开）。小明利用这两种开关设计了一个“聪明”的电路：
（1）白天路灯不亮
（2）晚上有人走动发出声音时，路灯自动亮起来，一分钟后，若再无声音就自动断开
请判断小明设计的电路图是图4中的 （ ）
二．填空题：（本大题包括6小题，每小题2分，共12分）
9．高压锅密封性能良好，用它煮食物时，水蒸汽不易外泄，从而 了锅内的压强（填“增大”或“减小”），使锅内水的沸点 （填“升高”或“降低”）。
10．牲畜自动饮水器的示意图，如图5所示，饮水杯A、B、C的水位可以保持一定，便于牲畜饮用，设计者运用了 原理和 原理。
11．李军同学在实验室模拟“云和雨的形成”，如图6所示，请写出整个过程主要的物态变化的名称： 、
12. 如图7所示电路，闭合开关时，发现灯泡L1、L2均不亮，电流表指针几乎没有偏转。某同学用一根导线去查找电路故障：他将开关闭合，然后将导线并联在L1两端，发现L2亮，电流表指针发生偏转，由此可知电路故障可能是（电流表的量程较大）
13．鄄城温泉度假村利用地热水供房间洗浴用水，请计算质量为100kg的地热水，温度从70℃降低到20℃，放出的热量是 J
(c水=4.2×103J／(kg?℃)。
14．小聪一家去北京旅游，在北京市郊公路的十字路口，他看到图所示的交通标志牌，标志牌上的数字“40”表示的意思是 ，汽车在遵守交通规则的前提下，从此标志牌处匀速到达北京，最快需要 h。
三．作图与实验探究：（本题包括5个小题，共18分。按题目要求作答）
15．（2分）请在图9中标出通电螺线管的N、S极。
16．（2分）如图10所示，考古人员需要对一口古井进行清理，为了解决照明问题，请你帮他们把太阳光反射到井里，并能垂直照亮井底。
17．（4分）探究“物体不受外力时的运动规律”，写出三个必需的实验器材： 、 ，这个实验用到一个很重要的研究方法，是
18．（3分）利用如图11（甲）所示实验电路，探究“通过导体的电流跟电压的关系”时：
（1）需要 个定值电阻。
（2）滑动变阻器的作用是
（3）利用实验数据作出的I- U关系图线，与图11（乙）中的 最接近
19（6分）．很多同学有过疑问“声音具有能量吗？它具有的能量与声音的响度和频率是不是有关呢？”某同学对其中两个问题进行探究，实验装置如图12所示(图丢失：八上40页，图3-1-12)：A为一个圆筒，它的一端用剪成圆片的挺直的纸（纸的中间剪一圆孔）粘牢，另一端用塑料薄膜包住并绷紧，用橡皮筋扎牢。B为一只点燃的蜡烛。完成表中的内容
探 究 内 容“声音是否具有能量”“声能与响度是否有关”
小孔距烛焰的距离3cm
做 法
观 察 内 容
为保证每次实验声音的频率相同，你的做法是
四．计算题：（本题分2小题，共12分。解答应写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要演算步骤，只写出最后答案的不能得分。有数值计算的，答案中必须明确写出数值和单位）
20．（6分）体积为2 m3、密度为2.6 ×103 kg/m3的古代石像沉在河底，考古工作者用动滑轮将石像缓慢提升，如图13所示，在没有将石像提出水面前，若不计摩擦和滑轮重力，求：
（1）石像的重力
（2）石像在水中受到的浮力
（3）作用于绳端的拉力F
（4）若缓慢将石像提升3 m，拉力做的功是多少？
（g=10 N／kg）
21（6分）．浴霸是安装在浴室内供取暖和照明的家用电器，某品牌浴霸的铭牌和简化电路如图14所示，L为照明灯，L1和L2是两个功率均为275 W的红外线取暖灯
额定电压额定频率额定功率
照明取暖
220V50HZ40W 550w
(1)浴霸工作时，为了使取暖功率达到最大值，应闭合的开关是
（2）照明灯工作时，它的电阻是多大？
（3）三灯同时正常工作半小时，消耗多少电能？
五．拓展应用：（本题包括3个小题，共13分，按题目要求作答）
22．（3分）示教板上面安装两个完全相同的灯泡，都能发光。在不看示教板背面电路连接，不用其他任何仪器的情况下，判断它们是串联还是并联
方法现象结论
串联
并联
23．(4分)过去的100年里，由于阿拉斯加和南极冰川的融化，全球海平面上升了20 cm，国际气象组织认为：人类二氧化碳排放，是造成温室效应最主要的罪魁祸首，如果二氧化碳排放不加以控制，到2100年，海平面将上升1 m；如果南极冰盖全部融化，海平面要上升60 m左右，许多沿海地区将变成汪洋大海。据卫星观测证实，近来已有3座巨型冰山先后脱离南极大陆漂流，其中最大一座面积相当于10个香港。
火力发电和汽车尾气排放出大量二氧化碳，请你从以减少温室效应的角度，就“发电业”和“汽车业”的未来发展，提出自己简短的建议
（1）发电业
（2）汽车业
24．（6分）你可以把轮船改装成“水下飞机”吗？参照你对飞机的理解，完成下列问题：
（1）．为保证船员的生命安全，必须让这个水下飞机在失去动力时自动浮上水面，舱体设计必须满足的基本条件是：
（2）若没有潜艇的“吸水和排水”装置，如何让水下飞机下沉呢？（要求：用简短文字和简图说明你的设计）
（3）按照你的设计，水下飞机下潜时，会停留在需要的深度做水平前进吗？要能控制水下飞机的下沉速度，并能让它保持一定深度水平前进，你又将怎么改变你的设计呢？（2分难）

8. 菏泽中考总分

2020年菏泽中考总分为710分。各科具体分值为：语文120分、数学120分、英语120分、物理70分、化学50分、生物50分，道德与法治50分、历史50分、地理50分，音乐、美术、综合实践三项考查和综合素质评价30分。

语文（含传统文化）、数学、英语（含听力）、物理、化学、生物、道德与法治、历史、地理等学科作为初中学业水平考试的考试科目，采用实际分数和A、B、C、D四个等级表达。

等级确定办法为：考试科目等级按照实际分数达到满分的一定比例划分为A、B、C、D四个等级。实际分数达到满分的90%（其中语文、道德与法治达到85％）及其以上者，记录为A等；

达到75%至89%（语文、道德与法治达到75%至84％）记录为B等；达到60%至74%记录为C等；59%及其以下记录为D等，D等为不合格。

2020年中考受新冠肺炎疫情影响，2020年暂停信息技术、体育与健康、实验操作技能3个科目统一考试，不作为2020年高中阶段学校招生录取依据。

听力残疾考生英语听力免试工作按照《菏泽市教育局关于听力残疾学生参加初中学业水平考试免外语听力考试的通知》（菏教基函〔2016〕2号）规定执行。

(8)2014菏泽语文中考试题扩展阅读：

学业水平评价由初中学校组织实施。音乐、美术、综合实践等三学科作为初中学业水平考试的考查科目，由初中学校组织实施。考查科目成绩以等级方式呈现，分A、B、C、D四个等级。

各科评价A等级人数比例原则上控制在学校年级总人数的30%─40%之间，D等级（不合格）人数比例不超过2%。综合素质评价等级由各初中学校按市教育局《关于印发菏泽市初中学生综合素质评价方案的通知》（菏教基字〔2016〕16号）要求进行评价。

各初中学校在组织综合素质评价时，要实行阳光作业，做到公正、公平、公开。音乐、美术、综合实践三项考查按最高10分的分值计入招生总成绩，总分值不超30分。考查、评价和成绩上报工作须在6月30日前报局基教股。

9. 山东菏泽22中中考试题

您好，我看到抄您的问题很久没有人来回答，但是问题过期无人回答会被扣分的并且你的悬赏分也会被没收！所以我给你提几条建议： 一，你可以选择在正确的分类下去提问，这样知道你问题答案的人才会多一些，回答的人也会多些。 二，您可以到与您问题相关专业网站论坛里去看看，那里聚集了许多专业人才，一定可以为你解决问题的。 三，你可以向你的网上好友问友打听，他们会更加真诚热心为你寻找答案的，甚至可以到相关网站直接搜索. 四，网上很多专业论坛以及知识平台，上面也有很多资料，我遇到专业性的问题总是上论坛求解决办法的。 五，将你的问题问的细一些，清楚一些！让人更加容易看懂明白是什么意思 ！ 谢谢采纳我的建议!\\\